Unexpected medical issue grounds Isle Royale wolf-moose survey

Houghton, Mich. (AP) — A last-minute medical issue grounded researchers’ annual wolf-moose survey on Isle Royale this past winter, marking yet another year that scientists have run into problems trying to count the animals on the remote island park.

Isle Royale is a 134,000-acre island in far western Lake Superior between Grand Marais, Minn., and Thunder Bay, Ont. The island, which doubles as a national park, offers scientists a rare chance to observe wolves and moose in their natural habitat, free from human influence. Researchers have conducted an annual survey of the island’s wolf and moose populations since 1958.

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Scientists from Michigan Tech University had planned to return to the island in January to conduct seven weeks of aerial surveys by ski-planes. Snow and bare branches make tracking easier from the air in winter, but the island lacks a land-based runway, forcing the scientists to use ski-planes that can land in the island’s ice-covered harbors.

The scientists released their annual report July 15, but it does not include any new population estimates. The report notes that the researchers were not able to get into the air at all this winter because “our usual aviation resources became unexpectedly unavailable due to extenuating circumstances and there was insufficient time to find a suitable alternative.”

Michigan Tech spokesperson Hailey Hart said in a telephone interview that the ski-plane pilot developed a last-minute medical issue and couldn’t fly. The scientists were unable to find a replacement pilot.

“It was very sudden,” Hart said.

“It was a big bummer for them.”

Researchers have experienced disruptions in three of the past five years they’ve attempted the survey. The COVID-19 pandemic forced them to cancel the survey in 2021, marking the first time since 1958 that population counts weren’t conducted.

They had to cut the survey short in February 2024 after weeks of unusually warm weather left the ice surrounding the island unsafe for ski-plane landings. The National Park Service suspended the researchers’ work and ordered them to evacuate.

Data the scientists gathered before they left showed the wolf population stood at 30 animals, down from 31 the previous year. The moose population stood at 840, down 14% from 2023.

Most of mid-July’s report discusses observations a group of college students made on the island in the summer of 2024. They noted regular wolf sightings, observed a wolf chasing a moose, and found the bones of a wolf that died a decade ago, well before the NPS began relocating wolves to the island in 2018.

The students also found the remains of 115 moose, including 22 believed to have died in 2024.

Researchers believe wolves killed all but three of those moose.

Hart said the scientists are planning another aerial survey next winter.

MONTANA

Warming Rivers Prompt Fishing Restrictions

Helena Mont. (AP) — Nearly a dozen rivers in western Montana and a handful of rivers inside the borders of Yellowstone National Park are under restrictions or closures as biologists seek to reduce angling-related sources of fish mortality.

On July 9, Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks announced that portions of Upper Rock Creek, the Clark Fork River, the Bitterroot River, and the entirety of Silver Bow Creek were closed to angling after 2 p.m. to protect fish during the hottest hours of the day. The previous day, “hoot owl” restrictions (fishing prohibited from 2 p.m. until midnight) were announced for sections of several rivers. The Sun River and the Madison River, perhaps the state’s most popular angling destination, were placed under hoot owl closures particularly early this year – July 2 for the Sun River and June 19 for the Madison River above Hebgen Lake.

The FW&P initiates hoot owl closures when river temperatures reach 73 degrees for three consecutive days and uses angler pressure and flow-based criteria when considering full closures. Trout are particularly susceptible to disease spread and other sources of mortality from late July through late August, when meager flows, rising temperatures, and low dissolved oxygen levels converge. Water temperatures above 77 degrees can be lethal to trout.

On July 11, Yellowstone National Park initiated full fishing closures to protect aquatic ecosystems inside its boundaries. Park officials consider closing rivers inside its border to fishing when water temperatures hit the 68-degree mark and will revisit the closures when those temperatures cool and flows return to “more typical summer conditions.” Additional closures may be coming, park officials noted.